动科普丨登录制作平台就能一键生成你想要的App？警惕！便利与风险并存！******
【万万没想到！App花样套路大解密③——应用制作乱象篇】
制作一款App需要几步？说出来别不信。
在一些App在线生成平台上，仅需一个域名地址、编写少量的网页代码，勾选平台提供的丰富的功能模块就能制作一款App。
甚至部分平台还提供软著、上架、分发的服务。这些功能服务便利了正规的中小型开发者，但同时也为黑灰产开发者开了口子，使得犯罪类应用广泛利用在线生成平台制作……
前段时间，业界发布的《移动互联网风险应用白皮书（2021）》对国内数十款在线生成平台进行分析监测，当前App在线生成平台存在如下的安全问题：
1.被黑灰产团伙用于开发制作网络犯罪应用或者风险应用，其提供的功能和服务极大地降低了恶意应用开发者开发制作网络犯罪应用的成本和时间，这种现象日趋严重。
2.部分不正规的在线生成平台未提供针对开发者的实名制认证要求，部分在线平台对开发者身份和上传应用内容或者功能的审查机制薄弱。
3.在线生成平台提供了丰富的插件式功能模块选择，以及一站式的应用分发服务和上架服务，平台还能对开发者上传的应用配置信息和相关代码的加密，增加了对该类风险应用治理的难度。
4.此外，对于一些特定品类的App开发者，如果选择了不当的生成平台生成，还可能引入一些隐私合规类的风险问题。
随着移动互联网技术和智能终端的广泛普及,移动智能终端上这类网络犯罪类应用及相关黑灰产产业链不容小觑。这份白皮书显示，网络犯罪类应用在生成平台制作的数量占比中，“贷款诈骗”的样本占比最高，比例达67%；其次为“色播应用”，样本占比为17%；“色情应用”“仿冒金融平台”“投资理财诈骗”等应用也占有一定比例。
比如，下面这款应用界面即为仿冒微信界面。2019年以来，中国裁判文书网公布多起与虚假App有关的电诈案，涉及虚拟币投资、赌博、套路贷等多个领域大量“量身定制”的涉诈App背后，有的公司从接单、开发，到封装、分发、售后等，提供“一条龙”服务，诈骗App背后隐现技术开发灰色产业链。
仿冒App
博彩应用
业界人士提醒，移动互联网生态良性有序发展离不开行业相关规范和标准的引导，以及海量发现、关口前移的技术手段进行治理和约束。App生成平台具备开发技术门槛低、成本低、跨平台适配等特点，能够满足很多中小企业的实际需求，不应当成为黑灰产作恶的工具。
如今，移动生态的安全与否越来越取决于针对风险应用的安全治理能力，移动安全生态建设，也离不开手机厂商、开发者等各方参与者的通力合作。
（监制：张宁 策划：李政葳 制作：黎梦竹 部分内容来源中青网等）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
